Thrombopoietin Receptor Agonists: Eltrombopag and Romiplostim for the Treatment of Chronic Immune Thrombocytopenia Purpura

The thrombopoietin receptor agonists, eltrombopag and romiplostim, are second-line agents used to treat chronic immune thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP) in adults and children. ITP is a rare autoimmune disease and hematologic disorder characterized by reduced platelet counts that can result in significant symptoms, such as bleeding, bruising, epistaxis, petechiae, wet purpura, or blood in the urine or stool. This article reviews ITP treatment for adult and pediatric patients, including the use of the oral agent eltrombopag and the injectible agent romiplostim, nursing considerations, and patient education.

AT A GLANCE

• ITP is primarily characterized by reduced platelet counts and classified based on disease duration.
• Reduced platelet counts place patients at a higher risk for bleeding and related complications.
• Eltrombopag or romiplostim can be effective maintenance therapy options for patients with chronic ITP requiring frequent treatments.